ZGEBAL(1) LAPACK routine (version 3.2) ZGEBAL(1)NAME
ZGEBAL - balances a general complex matrix A
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINE ZGEBAL( JOB, N, A, LDA, ILO, IHI, SCALE, INFO )
CHARACTER JOB
INTEGER IHI, ILO, INFO, LDA, N
DOUBLE PRECISION SCALE( * )
COMPLEX*16 A( LDA, * )
PURPOSE
ZGEBAL balances a general complex matrix A. This involves, first, per‐
muting A by a similarity transformation to isolate eigenvalues in the
first 1 to ILO-1 and last IHI+1 to N elements on the diagonal; and sec‐
ond, applying a diagonal similarity transformation to rows and columns
ILO to IHI to make the rows and columns as close in norm as possible.
Both steps are optional.
Balancing may reduce the 1-norm of the matrix, and improve the accuracy
of the computed eigenvalues and/or eigenvectors.
ARGUMENTS
JOB (input) CHARACTER*1
Specifies the operations to be performed on A:
= 'N': none: simply set ILO = 1, IHI = N, SCALE(I) = 1.0 for
i = 1,...,N; = 'P': permute only;
= 'S': scale only;
= 'B': both permute and scale.
N (input) INTEGER
The order of the matrix A. N >= 0.
A (input/output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDA,N)
On entry, the input matrix A. On exit, A is overwritten by
the balanced matrix. If JOB = 'N', A is not referenced. See
Further Details. LDA (input) INTEGER The leading dimension
of the array A. LDA >= max(1,N).
ILO (output) INTEGER
IHI (output) INTEGER ILO and IHI are set to integers such
that on exit A(i,j) = 0 if i > j and j = 1,...,ILO-1 or I =
IHI+1,...,N. If JOB = 'N' or 'S', ILO = 1 and IHI = N.
SCALE (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)
Details of the permutations and scaling factors applied to A.
If P(j) is the index of the row and column interchanged with
row and column j and D(j) is the scaling factor applied to row
and column j, then SCALE(j) = P(j) for j = 1,...,ILO-1 =
D(j) for j = ILO,...,IHI = P(j) for j = IHI+1,...,N. The
order in which the interchanges are made is N to IHI+1, then 1
to ILO-1.
INFO (output) INTEGER
= 0: successful exit.
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value.
FURTHER DETAILS
The permutations consist of row and column interchanges which put the
matrix in the form
( T1 X Y )
P A P = ( 0 B Z )
( 0 0 T2 )
where T1 and T2 are upper triangular matrices whose eigenvalues lie
along the diagonal. The column indices ILO and IHI mark the starting
and ending columns of the submatrix B. Balancing consists of applying a
diagonal similarity transformation inv(D) * B * D to make the 1-norms
of each row of B and its corresponding column nearly equal. The output
matrix is
( T1 X*D Y )
( 0 inv(D)*B*D inv(D)*Z ).
( 0 0 T2 )
Information about the permutations P and the diagonal matrix D is
returned in the vector SCALE.
This subroutine is based on the EISPACK routine CBAL.
Modified by Tzu-Yi Chen, Computer Science Division, University of
California at Berkeley, USA
LAPACK routine (version 3.2) November 2008 ZGEBAL(1)